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The Normal-Ordered Hamiltonian

Now we wish to apply these concepts to the second-quantized  form of the Hamiltonian

equation1412

which is simply the sum of equations (A.15) and (A.23)gif We begin by re-writing the pair of operators in the one-electron part of the Hamiltonian using Wick's theorem  

equation1434

The contraction rules we examined before state that the contraction is zero unless tex2html_wrap_inline8247 acts in the hole space, i.e. unless tex2html_wrap_inline8245 is occupied in the reference wavefunction. In addition, p and q must be the same. This simplifies the one-electron part of the equation to

equation1444

Now we re-write the string of annihilation and creation operators from the two-electron part of tex2html_wrap_inline8101 as

eqnarray1454

Again, all of these contractions are zero unless the leftmost operator of the contraction acts in the hole space. This leads to the simplified form

eqnarray1502

where the notation tex2html_wrap_inline8257 means that p acts within the hole space. Again, the signs on the terms arise from the anti-commutation relations for annihilation and creation operators (A.6) which must be used in order to place operators adjacent to one another prior to evaluation of the contraction. Inserting this expression back into the equation for the two-electron part of the Hamiltonian we obtain

eqnarray1537

Remembering that tex2html_wrap_inline8261 we may re-index terms and combine where appropriate to obtain

eqnarray1594

The complete Hamiltonian is therefore

eqnarray1615

Note that the first and second terms on the RHS of this equation are simply the spin-orbital Fock operator (in normal-ordered form)  and that the last two terms are the HF energy!   Thus, we may write

  equation1646

or

equation1666

Therefore, the normal-ordered Hamiltonian is

equation1674

This result is easily generalized -- the normal-ordered form of an operator is simply the operator less the reference expectation value of itself. For the example of the Hamiltonian, above, the normal-ordered Hamiltonian is just the Hamiltonian minus the SCF energy. 


next up previous contents index
Next: Algebraic Construction of the Up: Practical Coupled-Cluster Theory Previous: Wick's Theorem

Emilio San Fabian
Mon Feb 5 10:35:31 WET 2001